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Sanitas · Near-Surface Research

Discover the Very Near Surface

Getting the near-surface right is the difference between a stack that images the subsurface and one that doesn’t.

  • Refraction statics
  • Cascade Eikonal tomography
  • Azimuthal anisotropy

The problem is right at your feet.

The industry treats the near-surface as a solved problem. The statics say otherwise.

For four decades a quiet contradiction has run through land processing: delay-time statics beat tomostatics, consistently. Tomography produced beautiful models — yet the statics those models implied were almost never as good. If the statics are wrong, the model is wrong.

The reason is the Very Near Surface: a thin, at-the-surface disturbance that contaminates every first break and carries the vast majority of the static. Separate it from the model, and both come out right.

Raw stacked section with no statics applied: reflector continuity is broken by the very near surface.
Raw stacked section — no statics applied.
Very Near Surface first-break traveltime equation Pick time equals shot plus receiver statics, plus the turning-ray (LMO) trend, plus a time-scaled azimuthal HTI term, plus a residual. VERY NEAR SURFACE FIRST-BREAK TRAVELTIME EQUATION tsr = as + br + T(xm, h) + AT cos[2( θsr − φ )] + εsr shot + receiver statics turning-ray (LMO) trend azimuthal (HTI) term A T cos 2(θ−φ) ≡ T(C cos 2θ + S sin 2θ), A = √(C²+S²), φ = ½ atan2(S, C)
Pick time equals shot plus receiver statics, plus the turning-ray (LMO) trend, plus a time-scaled azimuthal HTI term, plus a residual. First breaks decompose into a surface-consistent shot term, a receiver term, and a turning-ray velocity term — the VNS terms are the statics; they never belonged in the model.
Sanitas

Rethinking land seismic from the very near surface down.

  1. AMGRT · 2025

    VNS

    First breaks decompose into a surface-consistent shot term, a receiver term, and a turning-ray velocity term. The VNS terms are the statics — they never belonged in the model.

  2. 2026

    Cascade Tomography

    An interpretation-free hybrid that separates VNS statics from the tomographic model: delay-time-quality statics and the model you would expect from the surface datum, from a single workflow.

  3. 2026

    Concurrent Anisotropic Tomography

    VNS statics, azimuthal anisotropy, and the velocity model solved together — and the anisotropic correction applied through velocity analysis and stack. The first system to close that loop.

The near-surface is the foundation of the house. Every processing step that follows is only as sturdy as what it stands on.

Seismic statics, two ways

One system, two pathways — pick the one your near-surface calls for.

Method one

Traditional Refraction Statics

Delay-time and turning-ray tomographic workflows for conventional near-surface conditions.

  • Delay-time refraction statics
  • Turning-ray tomographic statics
  • Multi-plane first-break picking
Learn more

Method two

Cascade Anisotropic Tomography

Multi-pass eikonal tomography with anisotropic correction for complex near-surface geology.

  • Multi-pass (cascade) Eikonal tomography
  • Anisotropy explicitly analysed and corrected
  • Applied to velocity analysis and stacks
Learn more
Same data · same picks

Fix the foundation and the section sharpens.

Velocity-analysis semblance on one CMP supergather. With no statics the VNS smears the moveout and the picks are a guess. With Cascade 3-3 and the anisotropy correction the energy collapses into a focused bullseye — before a single processing parameter changed.

2.4×

semblance focus

No statics
0.016
Cascade 3-3, anisotropy corrected
0.039
See the stacked sections and full results
Velocity semblance panel with no statics applied: the energy is smeared and no clear peak is present. No statics
Velocity semblance panel after Cascade 3-3 statics with anisotropy correction: energy focuses into a single tight bullseye. Cascade 3-3, anisotropy corrected

Drag the handle, or focus it and use the arrow keys, to wipe between the two results.

One system, end to end

Sanitas is the newest life of a processing engine with a two-decade commercial pedigree in refraction statics — rebuilt around VNS, and carrying the correction all the way through velocity analysis and stack.

  1. Sanitas

    Eikonal tomography, cascade passes and concurrent azimuthal anisotropy in one processing system.

  2. Guided workflows

    Any workflow can be captured as a guided sequence of the system’s own working windows, in order, branching where a decision changes the path.

  3. SeisMentor™

    Ask why at any step and get answers grounded in the CT-VNS methodology and your project’s own numbers.

The Best bring us their Worst.

Start with the near-surface: read the full guide to both statics pathways, or bring us a dataset and talk it through with the people who built the system.